A General Review of the Debate on the Compromise Bills Quizlet
"All Legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the U.s.a., which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives."
Article I, Section one, of the Usa Constitution
The chief function of Congress is the making of laws. The legislative process comprises a number of steps, and this page provides information apropos legislation introduced and considered in Congress.
A much more in-depth discussion and presentation of the overall legislative procedure are bachelor in the Library of Congress'southward How Our Laws are Made and Enactment of a Law.
The legislative procedure in a nutshell:
- Starting time, a Representative sponsors a beak.
- The bill is then assigned to a commission for report.
- If released by the commission, the nib is put on a calendar to be voted on, debated or amended.
- If the bill passes by elementary majority (218 of 435), the bill moves to the Senate.
- In the Senate, the bill is assigned to another committee and, if released, debated and voted on.
- If the Senate makes changes, the bill must return to the House for concurrence.
- The resulting bill returns to the House and Senate for final approval.
- The President then has 10 days to veto the concluding beak or sign information technology into police.
INTRODUCTION AND REFERRAL TO Commission
Any Member in the Business firm of Representatives may introduce a bill at whatever time while the House is in session by only placing it in the "hopper" at the side of the Clerk's desk in the Business firm Sleeping accommodation. The sponsor'due south signature must appear on the bill, which may accept an unlimited number of cosponsoring Members. The bill is assigned its legislative number by the Clerk and referred to the commission of jurisdiction, which is the committee charged with review of the bill.
Committee HEARINGS AND REPORTS
The Business firm of Representatives divides its work among over 20 permanent committees. Later a bill is introduced and referred to the committee of jurisdiction, the committee will often send the measure out to its specialized subcommittee(southward) for study, hearings, revisions, and approval.
Normally, the first step in this procedure is a public hearing where the committee or subcommittee members hear witnesses representing diverse viewpoints on the measure. Subsequently hearings are completed, the nib is considered in a session that is popularly known every bit the "mark-up" session. At this point, amendments may be offered to the neb, and the committee or subcommittee Members vote to have or reject these changes. At the conclusion of deliberation, a vote of committee or subcommittee Members is taken to decide what action to take on the measure. Information technology can be reported, with or without amendment, or tabled, which means no farther activity on information technology will occur. Tabling effectively "kills" the measure. If the committee has approved extensive amendments, they may decide to report a new bill incorporating all the amendments. This is known as a "clean bill," which will have a new number.
A mensurate is ready for consideration past the full House afterward it has been reported by a committee.
DEBATE AND VOTE ON THE House FLOOR
Consideration of a measure by the full House can be a simple or very circuitous operation. Sometimes, consideration may be governed by a "dominion." A dominion is itself a simple resolution, which must be passed past the Firm and that sets out the particular rules of debate for a specific bill (i.e. how much fourth dimension volition exist allowed for debate, whether amendments can be offered, and other matters).
Debate time for a measure is normally divided betwixt proponents and opponents. Each side yields time to those Members who wish to speak on the bill. When amendments are offered, these are also debated and voted upon. After all debate is concluded and amendments decided upon, the Business firm votes on terminal passage.
In some cases, a vote to "recommit" the bill to committee is requested. This is usually an attempt by opponents to change some portion or table the measure out. If the attempt to recommit fails, a vote on terminal passage is ordered.
Votes may exist taken by the electronic voting system, which registers each individual Member's response. These are referred to equally recorded votes, and are available in the tape of coil phone call votes. Votes in the House may also be past voice vote; in that instance, no tape of private responses is available.
SENATE ACTION
After a measure passes in the Firm, it goes to the Senate for consideration. This includes consideration by a Senate committee or subcommittee, similar to the path of a bill in the Business firm. A bill must pass both bodies in the same grade earlier it can be presented to the President for signature into police force.
RESOLVING DIFFERENCES
If the Senate changes the language of the measure, it must return to the House for concurrence or additional changes. This back-and-forth negotiation may occur on the Business firm floor, with the Business firm accepting or rejecting Senate amendments or complete Senate text.
Often, a briefing committee will be appointed with both Business firm and Senate Members. This group will resolve the differences in committee and report the identical measure out back to both bodies for a vote. Conference committees also outcome reports outlining the final version of the measure.
CONSIDERATION Past THE PRESIDENT
After a measure has been passed in identical form by both the House and Senate, it is considered "enrolled." The enrolled neb is sent to the President who may sign the mensurate into law, veto it and return it to Congress, allow information technology become police without signature, or at the end of a session, pocket-veto it.
OTHER RESOURCES
Additional material explaining the rules and precedents of the Firm are available through the Democratic Office of the Firm Rules Committee.
Source: https://keating.house.gov/policy-work/legislative-process